This direct object can take three possible forms: a personal pronoun (me, te, la, nous, vous, les), the relative pronoun que, or a noun placed before the verb (usually in questions and exclamations).Įxample: Elle avait acheté un tambour. For verbs that take avoir in the plus-que-parfait, the participle only agrees in gender and number with a direct object that comes before the verb.They (only women) had gone to music school. They had gone to music school.Įlles étaient all ées à l’école de musique. He had gone to music school.Įlle était all ée à l’école de musique. When a verb takes être as a help verb, the participle agrees in gender and number with the subject.Įxample: Il était all é à l’école de musique.This agreement is necessary in the following cases: Agreement of the participe passéįor some verbs, the participe passé has to agree in gender and number with either the subject or the object of the sentence. If the infinitive ends in -re, the participle ends in uįor the irregular verbs, however, we have to look up the participle forms in the list of irregular verbs or check the verb conjugator – or simply learn the correct forms by heart.If the infinitive ends in - ir, the participle ends in i Example: fin ir – fin i.If the infinitive ends in -er, the participle ends in é Example: aim er – aim é.Example: À quelle heure étais -tu sorti ce matin-là ? What time had you left that morning? no direct object, sortir = leave but: Avais-tu sorti les carottes du frigo hier soir ? Had you taken the carrots out of the fridge yesterday evening? direct object: les carottes, sortir = take out Participe passé: the past participleįor the regular - er/- ir/-re verbs, the participe passé is easy to construct:
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In this case, the meaning of the verb often changes. We use avoir when descendre, (r)entrer, (re)monter, retourner and sortir are followed by a direct object. I had gone to Brittany on holiday.Ĭheck out our page on avoir/être to pick up some tips on remembering which verbs take être as their auxiliary in the compound tenses. with the following verbs of movement and their derivative forms: naître/mourir to be born/to die, aller/venir to go/to come, monter/descendre to go up/to go down, arriver/partir to arrive/to leave, entrer/sortir to enter/to go out, apparaître to appear, rester to stay, retourner to return, tomber to fall and their related forms such as: revenir to come back, rentrer to go back in, remonter to go back up, redescendre to go back down, repartir to leave again.Įxample: J’ étais parti(e) en vacances en Bretagne.for reflexive verbs Example: Je m’étais trompé(e) dans mon calcul.Most verbs construct the plus-que-parfait using avoir, however être is used as the auxiliary verb in the following cases: Example: Je ne m’étais pas trompé dans mon calcul. I had left.→ I had not left.įor reflexive verbs, the reflexive pronoun comes after the first part of the negation (ne) and before the auxiliary verb (avoir/être). =>Un billet aller-retour is the translation for the English word a return ticket.In negative sentences, the past participle comes after the second part of the negation (pas). => I asked for a one way ticket and not for a return ticket. J'ai demandé un billet aller simple et non un aller-retour. In that context, it means a travel from one place to another or it can also mean a one-way ticket. In French, The verb aller can be used as a noun. Ils vont aux États Unis => They are going to the US. Nous allons à léglise => We are going to church Je vais à la fête => I am going to the party Je vais au marché => I am going to the market When it is used with the preposition à, some changes might be operated depending on the article placed after it.
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Je vais chez mon ami => I am going to my friend's house. Je vais dans ma chambre => I am going in my bedroom.
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Je vais de Paris à Singapour en avion => I go from Paris to Singapore by plane ) to indicate a destination or the ways something is done. Aller used for indicating a place /destination When talking about places, we usually use the verb aller followed with a preposition (à, en, de, chez, dans. Il va arriver dans quelques minutes => He is going to arrive in few minutes. Je vais partir maintenant => I am going to leave now. This tense is the equivalent of the English "to be going to." To express the future tense, especially in a very near future, which will take place in a short period of time, we use the verb aller. Aller used as an auxiliary verb in near future tense (futur proche) In this context, the verb to go (tu vas/vous allez) is equivalent to "to be" in English. When greeting someone and asking how is doing, we use the expressions below which can both be translated in French as "how are you".Ĭomment vas-tu ? is used in an informal situation.Ĭomment allez-vous? in a formal situation.